Free Trade - moved from other site
Say it costs a US manufacturer $100 to make 1 ton of a product.
Say it costs a Chinese manufacturer $100 to make the same 1 ton of product, but the Chinese government kicks in enough money to reduce their cost to $.50 per ton.
Guess who can sell their product cheaper?
This is one of the reasons the US steel industry almost went extinct.
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It's not a level playing field for free trade if one of the players is getting financial help from their government.
Tariffs are one way to even things out.